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Cybersecurity and national resilience in Estonia
Nicol, Cameron ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is an attempt to analyse the relationship between the increasingly popular concept of national resilience and cybersecurity. National resilience is a concept that has permeated the security and policy making realms in recent times. This relationship is examined by using the Baltic nation of Estonia as a model due to the nation being regarded as the 'most digitally advanced in the world'. The main objective of the thesis is to investigate the relationship between cybersecurity and national resilience and discuss the implications of this relationship in the wider security context. The thesis begins by establishing if a nexus exists between the concept of national resilience and cybersecurity. In order to better understand the potential impact cyber security could have on a nation's resilience, it is important to establish the relationship between the two concepts. After the nexus is successfully established, the thesis then charts the development of the concept of resilience within the Estonian national security documents. The aim of this exercise is to demonstrate how the concept of resilience has been transformed over the years within an Estonian context while comparing its trajectory to the wider global trend of the concept. The research technique of content analysis is utilised to...
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Nordic Cooperation. Its Transformation in the Second Half of the 20th Century and its Current Shape
Viktorová, Iva ; Rovná, Lenka (advisor) ; Hořejšová, Tereza (referee)
Diploma thesis "Nordic Cooperation. Its Transformation in the Second Half of the 20th Century and Its Current Shape" deals with the Nordic cooperation among Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden from the second half of the 20th century with the focus on the period from the 1990s till 2008. At the beginning, there is an introduction to the history of cooperation in Scandinavia till the 1990s and a description of two main institutions of the Nordic cooperation: the Nordic Council and the Nordic Council of Ministers. The main chapter analyses the Nordic cooperation from the 1990s, it focuses on areas and intensity of the cooperation and describes concrete programmes, projects, institutions, targets and results of the cooperation. The thesis also deals with the question of the impact of the three Baltic States involvement in the Nordic cooperation in the 1990s. The answer is that the internal Nordic cooperation has been developing very intensively - it was demonstrated by the analysis of the Nordic cooperation in the 1990s in the main chapter - without any affecting of the Baltic States involvement in the main. On the contrary, the Baltic States involvement has brouhgt the external opportunity for the Nordic countries to integrate into the cooperation in the Baltic Sea region.
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Russian information warfare in the Baltic states and its impact on the society
Andrle, Vít ; Laryš, Martin (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
This diploma thesis analyses the phenomenon of the Russian information warfare targeting the Baltic states - Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. In five chapters the thesis initially theoretically examines phenomenon of the information warfare itself, specifically its typical components and advantages because of which the Russian Federation uses it. After that, the thesis estimates conceptual preconditions and incentives in the Baltic region due to which Russia implements the information warfare specifically in this region. The information warfare in this sense is understood as the psychological pressure onto the society of Baltics, hence, as one of the tools to enforce the interests and goals of the Kremlin's official foreign policy, because the initiators of such information campaigns are the Russian state media or their proxies. Third, in the empirical part, based the conceptually determined factors and particular events related to them, thesis thoroughly deals with discourses and narratives spread through the Russian and pro-Russian media operating in the Baltic states. More specifically, the analysis conducts research of the content of these narratives, their rhetoric, specific features, context and possible impacts onto the society in the Baltics. The goal of this thesis is to analyse thoroughly...
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Cybersecurity and national resilience in Estonia
Nicol, Cameron ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis is an attempt to analyse the relationship between the increasingly popular concept of national resilience and cybersecurity. National resilience is a concept that has permeated the security and policy making realms in recent times. This relationship is examined by using the Baltic nation of Estonia as a model due to the nation being regarded as the 'most digitally advanced in the world'. The main objective of the thesis is to investigate the relationship between cybersecurity and national resilience and discuss the implications of this relationship in the wider security context. The thesis begins by establishing if a nexus exists between the concept of national resilience and cybersecurity. In order to better understand the potential impact cyber security could have on a nation's resilience, it is important to establish the relationship between the two concepts. After the nexus is successfully established, the thesis then charts the development of the concept of resilience within the Estonian national security documents. The aim of this exercise is to demonstrate how the concept of resilience has been transformed over the years within an Estonian context while comparing its trajectory to the wider global trend of the concept. The research technique of content analysis is utilised to...
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EU Conditionality and the Russian-speaking Minority in the Baltic States: Problems of Integration During and Beyond EU Accession
Gaziev, Farkhod ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Váška, Jan (referee)
Since its inclusion in the Copenhagen criteria, the protection of minority rights has been an important political condition set by the European Union (EU) for candidate states. This thesis examines the effectiveness of EU conditionality on the Baltic States of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania to change their ethnic policies and its affect on the Russian-speaking minority of the states. The main argument of this thesis is that the European accession process has promoted minority rights in the three Baltic states, following which the Russian-speaking minority in the Baltic States have been partially integrated. However, the domestic opposition and the potential threat from Russia hindered EU's efforts to influence outcomes of the domestic policies.
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Energy security of the Baltic states Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
Havel, Zdeněk ; Zájedová, Iivi (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
Energy security is currently a favourite topic. It is being talked about in the context of several conflicts in Third World countries that, due to the supply of energy raw materials such as oil and gas, affect the rest of the world. For some states, however, the issue of ensuring energy security is a more vital. Some states, such as the Baltic countries - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, are dependent on supplies of fossil fuels from neighbouring countries. Moreover, up until recently their energy markets have not been liberalized, nor connected to the rest of the Europe. It is a well-known fact that the Russian Federation is the main supplier of these raw materials to them. Therefore, the Baltic states have been trying to reduce the influence of the Russian Federation in the Baltic region since they regained independence 26 years ago. This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the energy security of all three Baltic countries. The thesis carefully analyses all aspects of their energy sector. It examines the historical development of the region, thanks to which we can understand the influence of the Russian Federation on the Baltics energy sector, as well as the level of international cooperation of the Baltic states with the EU in ensuring energy security. The analysis also focus on the...
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Baltic States: Lessons from the Crisis
Čermák, Jiří ; Holub, Tomáš (advisor) ; Herrmannová, Lenka (referee)
Between 2000 -2007 Baltic countries were among the fastest growing economies in Europe, but in 2008 they were struck by very deep recession. Unlike the other Central and Eastern European countries, the Baltics maintained fixed exchange rate regimes and it raised the question about their effects on the economies. This work focuses on the external imbalances of the Baltic economies. It analyzes the compositions and sources of the current account deficits and discusses other influential factors. Detailed discussion is devoted to the capital inflows and their determinants. The thesis also contains empirical study which analyzes the relationship between the exchange rate regime and current account balance. We find that the current account deficits were not sustainable not only because of their sizes but also for their structure. The empirical analysis of the relationship between exchange rate regimes and current account deficits did not bring clear - cut results which would prove the hypothesis that the fixed exchange regimes negatively affect the current account balances. 1
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Armed Anti-Soviet Resistance in Lithuania 1944-1953
Skalník, Ondřej ; Švec, Luboš (advisor) ; Vykoukal, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses in great detail the anti-Soviet military resistance in Lithuania between years 1944 and 1953. It introduces the guerrilla movement, its structure, chronology, tactics, geographical location and development. It also defines, who were its members; the reasons that led them to the uneasy choice of life in the underground; their age, nationality, social structure, etc. On the same note, it also describes methods used by particular Soviet law-enforcement agencies in their fight against the "banditism" (that is, against the guerrillas) and in enforcing "Soviet law". It also covers a chapter on active resistance in the whole region, focusing on comparison with Latvian, Estonian and partly also Ukrainian guerrilla movements and their specifics. Guerrilla warfare and the fight of Lithuanian guerrillas (also called "forest brothers"- miško broliai) against sovietization of the country after the reinstatement of the soviet dominion in 1944 is significant and controversial topic of contemporary historiography. The discussions of the topic and the research in this area is often liable to political views and ideologies. For this reason, the bachelor thesis also explores the picture of guerrillas as seen by contemporary Lithuanian and Soviet historiography, which may also cover some...
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The Baltics after "Dark": way to European Union
Vachadze, Ana ; Zájedová, Iivi (advisor) ; Kučerová, Irah (referee)
Focusing on the post-communist developments in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, the research prevails why the transition was successful in the Baltic States? Analyzing "the Baltic way" to the European Union, the paper discusses the certain aspects of economic, political and social transition. Cultural trauma of social change will also be concerned. Conceptual part of the work focuses on the theory of modernization which is discussed in the civilizational context. It is assumed that modernization is rather multi-dimensional than universal, homogeneous process. The Baltic modernization shows the patterns of original western European type of modernization with clearly defined end-up goal: political and cultural "return to the West". Empirical part of the research focuses on the economic, political and social transformation processes in the Baltic States. The main discussions on Economic transition heated around the question: how to build capitalism? What was possible and desirable? What policy should have been chosen? Baltic States went through the radical economic reform called "shock therapy". The essence of "this program is discussed in contradiction with "gradualism'" - an alternative strategy of economic transition. Political transition encompasses the state-building, nation-building and society...
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